Exposure to Heat
The testicles hang outside the body in the scrotum because normal sperm maturation requires temperatures below normal body temperature. Artificial exposure of testicles to heat may interfere with normal sperm maturation. Excess heat applied to the testicles of animals causes a decrease in the sperm production. Men who use hot tubs also experience a decline in sperm production. The complete maturation process for sperm requires approximately three months. Consequently, sperm concentration, motility and function are affected by exposure to any factors that interfere with normal sperm maturation in the prior three months.
It is recommended not to use hot saunas when trying to conceive nor during fertility treatments.
Affect of Drugs on Sperm
Drugs which can adversely affect sperm production include tobacco, alcohol, recreational drugs, anabolic steroids which are used by some athletes, and certain prescription medications. In most cases, sperm production returns to normal within three to six months after these drugs are discontinued but in some cases, prolonged and excessive use of these drugs may have permanent effects on sperm production. It is important that you inform your physician of any drugs or medications you have used in the past or are currently using.